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Turkmenistan Society
Social protection, poverty, gender, and development indicators
Overview
Social protection, poverty, gender, health, and development indicators for Turkmenistan, sourced from the World Bank, OECD, and the United Nations.
SDG Indicators
Data Explorer
Percentage of firms with females among the owners.
Female labor force comprises women ages 15 and older who supply labor for the production of goods and services during a specified period. It includes people who are currently employed and people who are unemployed but seeking work as well as first-time job-seekers. Not everyone who works is included, however. Unpaid workers, family workers, and students are often omitted, and some countries do not count members of the armed forces. Labor force size tends to vary during the year as seasonal workers enter and leave.
Women in parliaments are the percentage of parliamentary seats in a single or lower chamber held by women.
Labor force participation rate is the proportion of the population ages 15 and older that is economically active: all people who supply labor for the production of goods and services during a specified period.
Percentage of firms with females as the top manager.
Ratio of female to male youth unemployment is the percentage of female to male youth unemployment rates.
Gender parity index for gross enrollment ratio in tertiary education is the ratio of women to men enrolled at tertiary level in public and private schools.
Women in ministerial level positions is the proportion of women in ministerial or equivalent positions (including deputy prime ministers) in the government. Prime Ministers/Heads of Government are included when they hold ministerial portfolios. Vice-Presidents and heads of governmental or public agencies are excluded.
Unemployment refers to the share of the labor force that is without work but available for and seeking employment.
Female teachers as a percentage of total secondary education teachers includes full-time and part-time teachers.
Female teachers as a percentage of total primary education teachers includes full-time and part-time teachers.
Gross enrollment ratio is the ratio of total enrollment, regardless of age, to the population of the age group that officially corresponds to the level of education shown. Tertiary education, whether or not to an advanced research qualification, normally requires, as a minimum condition of admission, the successful completion of education at the secondary level.
Employment to population ratio is the proportion of a country's population that is employed.
Children out of school are the number of primary-school-age children not enrolled in primary or secondary school.
Prevalence of HIV is the percentage of people who are infected with HIV. Female rate is as a percentage of the total population ages 15+ who are living with HIV.
Youth unemployment refers to the share of the labor force ages 15-24 without work but available for and seeking employment.
The labor force participation rate is the labor force as a percent of the population ages 15 and older. The labor force is the sum of all persons of working age who are employed and those who are unemployed.
Gross enrollment ratio is the ratio of total enrollment, regardless of age, to the population of the age group that officially corresponds to the level of education shown. Tertiary education, whether or not to an advanced research qualification, normally requires, as a minimum condition of admission, the successful completion of education at the secondary level.
Female labor force as a percentage of the total show the extent to which women are active in the labor force. Labor force comprises people ages 15 and older who supply labor for the production of goods and services during a specified period.
Youth unemployment refers to the share of the labor force ages 15-24 without work but available for and seeking employment.
Employment to population ratio is the proportion of a country's population that is employed.
Age population, female refers to female population at the specified age level. The geographical areas included in the data are the same as the data source.
Age population, male refers to male population at the specified age level. The geographical areas included in the data are the same as the data source.
Employment to population ratio is the proportion of a country's population that is employed.
Age population, female refers to female population at the specified age level. The geographical areas included in the data are the same as the data source.
Age population, male refers to male population at the specified age level. The geographical areas included in the data are the same as the data source.
Gross enrollment ratio is the ratio of total enrollment, regardless of age, to the population of the age group that officially corresponds to the level of education shown. Secondary education completes the provision of basic education that began at the primary level, and aims at laying the foundations for lifelong learning and human development, by offering more subject- or skill-oriented instruction using more specialized teachers.
Unemployment refers to the share of the labor force that is without work but available for and seeking employment.
Age population, male refers to male population at the specified age level. The geographical areas included in the data are the same as the data source.
Age population, male refers to male population at the specified age level. The geographical areas included in the data are the same as the data source.
Age population, male refers to male population at the specified age level. The geographical areas included in the data are the same as the data source.
Children out of school are the number of primary-school-age children not enrolled in primary or secondary school.
Age population, female refers to female population at the specified age level. The geographical areas included in the data are the same as the data source.
Age population, female refers to female population at the specified age level. The geographical areas included in the data are the same as the data source.
Gross enrollment ratio is the ratio of total enrollment, regardless of age, to the population of the age group that officially corresponds to the level of education shown. Primary education provides children with basic reading, writing, and mathematics skills along with an elementary understanding of such subjects as history, geography, natural science, social science, art, and music.
Age population, female refers to female population at the specified age level. The geographical areas included in the data are the same as the data source.
Age population, male refers to male population at the specified age level. The geographical areas included in the data are the same as the data source.
Age population, female refers to female population at the specified age level. The geographical areas included in the data are the same as the data source.
Gross enrollment ratio is the ratio of total enrollment, regardless of age, to the population of the age group that officially corresponds to the level of education shown. Secondary education completes the provision of basic education that began at the primary level, and aims at laying the foundations for lifelong learning and human development, by offering more subject- or skill-oriented instruction using more specialized teachers.
Gross enrollment ratio is the ratio of total enrollment, regardless of age, to the population of the age group that officially corresponds to the level of education shown. Primary education provides children with basic reading, writing, and mathematics skills along with an elementary understanding of such subjects as history, geography, natural science, social science, art, and music.
Employment to population ratio is the proportion of a country's population that is employed.
Employment is defined as persons of working age who were engaged in any activity to produce goods or provide services for pay or profit, whether at work during the reference period or not at work due to temporary absence from a job, or to working-time arrangement. The agriculture sector consists of activities in agriculture, hunting, forestry and fishing, in accordance with division 1 (ISIC 2) or categories A-B (ISIC 3) or category A (ISIC 4).
Self-employed workers are those workers who, working on their own account or with one or a few partners or in cooperative, hold the type of jobs defined as a "self-employment jobs." i.e. jobs where the remuneration is directly dependent upon the profits derived from the goods and services produced. Self-employed workers include sub-categories of employers, own-account workers and members of producers' cooperatives and contributing family workers.
Adult mortality rate, female, is the probability of dying between the ages of 15 and 60--that is, the probability of a 15-year-old female dying before reaching age 60, if subject to age-specific mortality rates of the specified year between those ages.
Adult mortality rate, male, is the probability of dying between the ages of 15 and 60--that is, the probability of a 15-year-old male dying before reaching age 60, if subject to age-specific mortality rates of the specified year between those ages.
Self-employed workers are those workers who, working on their own account or with one or a few partners or in cooperative, hold the type of jobs defined as a "self-employment jobs." i.e. jobs where the remuneration is directly dependent upon the profits derived from the goods and services produced. Self-employed workers include sub-categories of employers, own-account workers and members of producers' cooperatives and contributing family workers.
Employment is defined as persons of working age who were engaged in any activity to produce goods or provide services for pay or profit, whether at work during the reference period or not at work due to temporary absence from a job, or to working-time arrangement. The services sector consists of wholesale and retail trade and restaurants and hotels; transport, storage, and communications; financing, insurance, real estate, and business services; and community, social, and personal services, in accordance with divisions 6-9 (ISIC 2) or categories G-Q (ISIC 3) or categories G-U (ISIC 4).
Employment is defined as persons of working age who were engaged in any activity to produce goods or provide services for pay or profit, whether at work during the reference period or not at work due to temporary absence from a job, or to working-time arrangement. The agriculture sector consists of activities in agriculture, hunting, forestry and fishing, in accordance with division 1 (ISIC 2) or categories A-B (ISIC 3) or category A (ISIC 4).
Employers are those workers who, working on their own account or with one or a few partners, hold the type of jobs defined as a "self-employment jobs" i.e. jobs where the remuneration is directly dependent upon the profits derived from the goods and services produced), and, in this capacity, have engaged, on a continuous basis, one or more persons to work for them as employee(s).
Life time risk of maternal death is the probability that a 15-year-old female will die eventually from a maternal cause assuming that current levels of fertility and mortality (including maternal mortality) do not change in the future, taking into account competing causes of death.
Life time risk of maternal death is the probability that a 15-year-old female will die eventually from a maternal cause assuming that current levels of fertility and mortality (including maternal mortality) do not change in the future, taking into account competing causes of death.
Vulnerable employment is contributing family workers and own-account workers as a percentage of total employment.
Adolescent fertility rate is the number of births per 1,000 women ages 15-19.
Employment is defined as persons of working age who were engaged in any activity to produce goods or provide services for pay or profit, whether at work during the reference period or not at work due to temporary absence from a job, or to working-time arrangement. The services sector consists of wholesale and retail trade and restaurants and hotels; transport, storage, and communications; financing, insurance, real estate, and business services; and community, social, and personal services, in accordance with divisions 6-9 (ISIC 2) or categories G-Q (ISIC 3) or categories G-U (ISIC 4).
Employers are those workers who, working on their own account or with one or a few partners, hold the type of jobs defined as a "self-employment jobs" i.e. jobs where the remuneration is directly dependent upon the profits derived from the goods and services produced), and, in this capacity, have engaged, on a continuous basis, one or more persons to work for them as employee(s).
Life expectancy at age 60, male is the average number of years that a male at age 60 would live if prevailing patterns of mortality at the time of age 60 were to stay the same throughout his life.
Employment is defined as persons of working age who were engaged in any activity to produce goods or provide services for pay or profit, whether at work during the reference period or not at work due to temporary absence from a job, or to working-time arrangement. The industry sector consists of mining and quarrying, manufacturing, construction, and public utilities (electricity, gas, and water), in accordance with divisions 2-5 (ISIC 2) or categories C-F (ISIC 3) or categories B-F (ISIC 4).
Wage and salaried workers (employees) are those workers who hold the type of jobs defined as "paid employment jobs," where the incumbents hold explicit (written or oral) or implicit employment contracts that give them a basic remuneration that is not directly dependent upon the revenue of the unit for which they work.
Life expectancy at birth indicates the number of years a newborn infant would live if prevailing patterns of mortality at the time of its birth were to stay the same throughout its life.
Life expectancy at birth indicates the number of years a newborn infant would live if prevailing patterns of mortality at the time of its birth were to stay the same throughout its life.
Total fertility rate represents the number of children that would be born to a woman if she were to live to the end of her childbearing years and bear children in accordance with age-specific fertility rates of the specified year.
Survival to age 65 refers to the percentage of a cohort of newborn infants that would survive to age 65, if subject to age specific mortality rates of the specified year.
Employment is defined as persons of working age who were engaged in any activity to produce goods or provide services for pay or profit, whether at work during the reference period or not at work due to temporary absence from a job, or to working-time arrangement. The industry sector consists of mining and quarrying, manufacturing, construction, and public utilities (electricity, gas, and water), in accordance with divisions 2-5 (ISIC 2) or categories C-F (ISIC 3) or categories B-F (ISIC 4).
Contributing family workers are those workers who hold "self-employment jobs" as own-account workers in a market-oriented establishment operated by a related person living in the same household.
Vulnerable employment is contributing family workers and own-account workers as a percentage of total employment.
Survival to age 65 refers to the percentage of a cohort of newborn infants that would survive to age 65, if subject to age specific mortality rates of the specified year.
Life expectancy at age 60, female is the average number of years that a female at age 60 would live if prevailing patterns of mortality at the time of age 60 were to stay the same throughout her life.
Contributing family workers are those workers who hold "self-employment jobs" as own-account workers in a market-oriented establishment operated by a related person living in the same household.
Maternal mortality ratio is the number of women who die from pregnancy-related causes while pregnant or within 42 days of pregnancy termination per 100,000 live births. The data are estimated with a regression model using information on the proportion of maternal deaths among non-AIDS deaths in women ages 15-49, fertility, birth attendants, and GDP measured using purchasing power parities (PPPs).
Wage and salaried workers (employees) are those workers who hold the type of jobs defined as "paid employment jobs," where the incumbents hold explicit (written or oral) or implicit employment contracts that give them a basic remuneration that is not directly dependent upon the revenue of the unit for which they work.
The percentage of population ages 25 and over that attained or completed lower secondary education.
The percentage of population ages 25 and over that attained or completed upper secondary education.
The percentage of population ages 25 and over that attained or completed lower secondary education.
The percentage of population ages 25 and over that attained or completed post-secondary non-tertiary education.
The percentage of population ages 25 and over that attained or completed post-secondary non-tertiary education.
The percentage of population ages 25 and over that attained or completed post-secondary non-tertiary education.
The percentage of population ages 25 and over that attained or completed Doctoral or equivalent.
Adult literacy rate is the percentage of people ages 15 and above who can both read and write with understanding a short simple statement about their everyday life.
Adult literacy rate is the percentage of people ages 15 and above who can both read and write with understanding a short simple statement about their everyday life.
Youth literacy rate is the percentage of people ages 15-24 who can both read and write with understanding a short simple statement about their everyday life.
Gender parity index for youth literacy rate is the ratio of females to males ages 15-24 who can both read and write with understanding a short simple statement about their everyday life.
The percentage of the female population ages 15 years and over who currently use any tobacco product (smoked and/or smokeless tobacco) on a daily or non-daily basis. Tobacco products include cigarettes, pipes, cigars, cigarillos, waterpipes (hookah, shisha), bidis, kretek, heated tobacco products, and all forms of smokeless (oral and nasal) tobacco. Tobacco products exclude e-cigarettes (which do not contain tobacco), “e-cigars”, “e-hookahs”, JUUL and “e-pipes”. The rates are age-standardized to the WHO Standard Population.
The percentage of the male population ages 15 years and over who currently use any tobacco product (smoked and/or smokeless tobacco) on a daily or non-daily basis. Tobacco products include cigarettes, pipes, cigars, cigarillos, waterpipes (hookah, shisha), bidis, kretek, heated tobacco products, and all forms of smokeless (oral and nasal) tobacco. Tobacco products exclude e-cigarettes (which do not contain tobacco), “e-cigars”, “e-hookahs”, JUUL and “e-pipes”. The rates are age-standardized to the WHO Standard Population.
Youth literacy rate is the percentage of people ages 15-24 who can both read and write with understanding a short simple statement about their everyday life.
The percentage of population ages 25 and over that attained or completed Doctoral or equivalent.
The percentage of population ages 25 and over that attained or completed Bachelor's or equivalent.
The percentage of population ages 25 and over that attained or completed Bachelor's or equivalent.
The percentage of population ages 25 and over that attained or completed Doctoral or equivalent.
The percentage of population ages 25 and over that attained or completed short-cycle tertiary education.
The percentage of population ages 25 and over that attained or completed short-cycle tertiary education.
The percentage of population ages 25 and over that attained or completed short-cycle tertiary education.
The percentage of population ages 25 and over that attained or completed Bachelor's or equivalent.
The percentage of population ages 25 and over that attained or completed upper secondary education.
The percentage of population ages 25 and over that attained or completed lower secondary education.
The percentage of population ages 25 and over that attained or completed primary education.
The percentage of population ages 25 and over that attained or completed primary education.
The percentage of population ages 25 and over that attained or completed primary education.
The percentage of population ages 25 and over that attained or completed upper secondary education.
Gender parity index for gross enrollment ratio in secondary education is the ratio of girls to boys enrolled at secondary level in public and private schools.
Gender parity index for gross enrollment ratio in primary and secondary education is the ratio of girls to boys enrolled at primary and secondary levels in public and private schools.
Gender parity index for gross enrollment ratio in primary education is the ratio of girls to boys enrolled at primary level in public and private schools.
Percentage of female migrants out of total international migrant stock. International migrant stock is the number of people born in a country other than that in which they live. It also includes refugees.
Pregnant women receiving prenatal care are the percentage of women attended at least once during pregnancy by skilled health personnel for reasons related to pregnancy.
Proportion of women ages 15-49 years (married or in union) who make their own decision on all three selected areas i.e. can say no to sexual intercourse with their husband or partner if they do not want; decide on use of contraception; and decide on their own health care. Only women who provide a “yes” answer to all three components are considered as women who “make her own decisions regarding sexual and reproductive”.
Number of years a person of school entrance age can expect to spend within the specified level of education. For a child of a certain age a, the school life expectancy is calculated as the sum of the age specific enrolment rates for the levels of education specified. The part of the enrolment that is not distributed by age is divided by the school-age population for the level of education they are enrolled in, and multiplied by the duration of that level of education. The result is then added to the sum of the age-specific enrolment rates. A relatively high SLE indicates greater probability for children to spend more years in education and higher overall retention within the education system. It must be noted that the expected number of years does not necessarily coincide with the expected number of grades of education completed, because of repetition. Since school life expectancy is an average based on participation in different levels of education, the expected number of years of schooling may be pulled down by the magnitude of children who never go to school. Those children who are in school may benefit from many more years of education than the average.
Number of years a person of school entrance age can expect to spend within the specified level of education. For a child of a certain age a, the school life expectancy is calculated as the sum of the age specific enrolment rates for the levels of education specified. The part of the enrolment that is not distributed by age is divided by the school-age population for the level of education they are enrolled in, and multiplied by the duration of that level of education. The result is then added to the sum of the age-specific enrolment rates. A relatively high SLE indicates greater probability for children to spend more years in education and higher overall retention within the education system. It must be noted that the expected number of years does not necessarily coincide with the expected number of grades of education completed, because of repetition. Since school life expectancy is an average based on participation in different levels of education, the expected number of years of schooling may be pulled down by the magnitude of children who never go to school. Those children who are in school may benefit from many more years of education than the average.
Births attended by skilled health staff are the percentage of deliveries attended by personnel trained to give the necessary supervision, care, and advice to women during pregnancy, labor, and the postpartum period; to conduct deliveries on their own; and to care for newborns.
Prevalence of underweight, female, is the percentage of girls under age 5 whose weight for age is more than two standard deviations below the median for the international reference population ages 0-59 months. The data are based on the WHO's 2006 Child Growth Standards.
Prevalence of underweight, male, is the percentage of boys under age 5 whose weight for age is more than two standard deviations below the median for the international reference population ages 0-59 months. The data are based on the WHO's 2006 Child Growth Standards.
Women who were first married by age 18 refers to the percentage of women ages 20-24 who were first married by age 18.
Women who were first married by age 15 refers to the percentage of women ages 20-24 who were first married by age 15.
Contraceptive prevalence, any method is the percentage of married women ages 15-49 who are practicing, or whose sexual partners are practicing, any method of contraception (modern or traditional). Modern methods of contraception include female and male sterilization, oral hormonal pills, the intra-uterine device (IUD), the male condom, injectables, the implant (including Norplant), vaginal barrier methods, the female condom and emergency contraception. Traditional methods of contraception include rhythm (e.g., fertility awareness based methods, periodic abstinence), withdrawal and other traditional methods.
Prevalence of obesity adult is the percentage of adults ages 18 and over whose Body Mass Index (BMI) is 30 kg/m² or higher. Body Mass Index (BMI) is a simple index of weight-for-height, or the weight in kilograms divided by the square of the height in meters.
Prevalence of obesity adult is the percentage of adults ages 18 and over whose Body Mass Index (BMI) is 30 kg/m² or higher. Body Mass Index (BMI) is a simple index of weight-for-height, or the weight in kilograms divided by the square of the height in meters.
Female urban population is the percentage of females who live in urban areas to total population.
Male rural population is the percentage males who live in rural areas to total population.
Female rural population is the percentage of females who live in rural areas to total population.
Mean age at marriage, female shows the average length of single life expressed in years among those females who marry before age 50. It is a synthetic indicator calculated from marital status categories of men and women aged 15 to 54 at the census or survey date.
Female pupils as a percentage of total pupils at secondary level includes enrollments in public and private schools.
Female pupils as a percentage of total pupils at primary level include enrollments in public and private schools.
Secondary vocational pupils are the number of secondary students enrolled in technical and vocational education programs, including teacher training.
Secondary general pupils are the number of secondary students enrolled in general education programs, including teacher training.
Decision maker about Visits to her family or relatives: wife and husband jointly is Percentage of currently married women aged 15-49 for whom the decision maker for visits to her family or relatives is mainly the respondent and her husband
Wanted fertility rate is an estimate of what the total fertility rate would be if all unwanted births were avoided.
Teenage mothers are the percentage of women ages 15-19 who already have children or are currently pregnant.
Women Participating in own health care decisions is Percentage of currently married women aged 15-49 who say that they alone or jointly have the final say in own health care
Percentage of women ages 15-49 who believe a husband/partner is justified in hitting or beating his wife/partner for any of the following five reasons: argues with him; refuses to have sex; burns the food; goes out without telling him; or when she neglects the children.
Percentage of households who use charcoal as thier main cooking fuel
Percentage of households who use electricity as thier main cooking fuel
Percentage of households who use Liquified Petroleum Gas (LPG) or natural gas or biogas as thier main cooking fuel
Percentage of households who use wood as thier main cooking fuel
Women participating in the three decisions (own health care, major household purchases, and visiting family) is the percentage of currently married women aged 15-49 who say that they alone or jointly have the final say in all of the three decisions (own health care, large purchases and visits to family, relatives, and friends).
Women participating in making daily purchase decisions is Percentage of currently married women aged 15-49 who say that they alone or jointly have the final say in making daily purchases
Women participating in decision of what food to cook daily is Percentage of currently married women aged 15-49 who say that they alone or jointly have the final say in what food to cook daily
Decision maker about a woman's visits to her family or relatives: mainly wife is Percentage of currently married women aged 15-49 for whom the decision maker for visits to her family or relatives is mainly the respondent
Percentage of women aged 15-49 who believe that a wife is justified in refusing to have sex with her husband if she knows husband has sex with other women.
Percentage of women ages 15-49 who believe a husband/partner is justified in hitting or beating his wife/partner when she neglects the children.
Percentage of households who have a water source 30 minutes or longer away round trip
Percentage of households who have a water source in less than 30 minutes away round trip
Percentage of households who have a water source on their premises
Women participating in decision of visits to family, relatives, friends is Percentage of currently married women aged 15-49 who say that they alone or jointly have the final say in visits to family, relatives, friends
Decision maker about a woman's visits to her family or relatives: mainly husband is Percentage of currently married women aged 15-49 for whom the decision maker for visits to her family or relatives is mainly the husband
Decision maker about a woman's visits to her family or relatives: other is Percentage of currently married women aged 15-49 for whom the decision maker for visits to her family or relatives is recorded as 'other'
Decision maker about a woman's visits to her family or relatives: someone else is Percentage of currently married women aged 15-49 for whom the decision maker for visits to her family or relatives is mainly someone else
Decision maker about women own health care: mainly husband is Percentage of currently married women aged 15-49 for whom the decision maker for their own health care is mainly the husband
Female headed households refers to the percentage of households that are headed by females.
Decision maker about Major household purchases: someone else is Percentage of currently married women aged 15-49 for whom the decision maker for major household purchases is mainly someone else
Decision maker about major household purchases: other is Percentage of currently married women aged 15-49 for whom the decision maker for major household purchases is recorded as 'other'
Decision maker about ajor household purchases: mainly husband is Percentage of currently married women aged 15-49 for whom the decision maker for major household purchases is mainly the husband
Women participating in making major household purchase decisions is Percentage of currently married women aged 15-49 who say that they alone or jointly have the final say in making major household purchases
Percentage of women aged 15-49 who believe that a wife is justified in refusing to have sex with her husband if she has recently given birth.
Women participating in none of the three decisions (own health care, major household purchases, and visiting family) is Percentage of currently married women aged 15-49 who say that they alone or jointly have the final say in none of the three decisions (own health care, major household purchases, and visiting family)
Percentage of women aged 15-49 who believe that a wife is justified in refusing to have sex with her husband if she is tired or not in the mood.
Percentage of women ages 15-49 who believe a husband/partner is justified in hitting or beating his wife/partner when she argues with him.
Decision maker about women own health care: wife and husband jointly is Percentage of currently married women aged 15-49 for whom the decision maker for their own health care is mainly the respondent and her husband
Percentage of women ages 15-49 who believe a husband/partner is justified in hitting or beating his wife/partner when she burns the food.
Percentage of women ages 15-49 who believe a husband/partner is justified in hitting or beating his wife/partner when she goes out without telling him.
Percentage of women ages 15-49 who believe a husband/partner is justified in hitting or beating his wife/partner when she refuses sex with him.
Condom use, female is the percentage of the female population ages 15-24 who used a condom at last intercourse in the last 12 months.
Demand for family planning satisfied by any methods refers to the percentage of married women ages 15-49 whose need for family planning is satisfied.
Decision maker about women own health care: mainly wife is Percentage of currently married women aged 15-49 for whom the decision maker for their own health care is mainly the respondent
Decision maker about women own health care: someone else is Percentage of currently married women aged 15-49 for whom the decision maker for their own health care is mainly someone else
Decision maker about women own health care: other is Percentage of currently married women aged 15-49 for whom the decision maker for their own health care is recorded as 'other'
Decision maker about major household purchases: mainly wife is Percentage of currently married women aged 15-49 for whom the decision maker for major household purchases is mainly the respondent
Decision maker about major household purchases: wife and husband jointly is Percentage of currently married women aged 15-49 for whom the decision maker for major household purchases is mainly the respondent and her husband
Population living in slums is the proportion of the urban population living in slum households. A slum household is defined as a group of individuals living under the same roof lacking one or more of the following conditions: access to improved water, access to improved sanitation, sufficient living area, housing durability, and security of tenure, as adopted in the Millennium Development Goal Target 7.D. The successor, the Sustainable Development Goal 11.1.1, considers inadequate housing (housing affordability) to complement the above definition of slums/informal settlements.
Poverty gap at $8.30 a day (2021 PPP) is the mean shortfall in income or consumption from the poverty line $8.30 a day (counting the nonpoor as having zero shortfall), expressed as a percentage of the poverty line. This measure reflects the depth of poverty as well as its incidence.
Percentage share of income or consumption is the share that accrues to subgroups of population indicated by deciles or quintiles. Percentage shares by quintile may not sum to 100 because of rounding.
Poverty headcount ratio at $3.00 a day is the percentage of the population living on less than $3.00 a day at 2021 purchasing power adjusted prices. As a result of revisions in PPP exchange rates, poverty rates for individual countries cannot be compared with poverty rates reported in earlier editions.
Poverty gap at $3.00 a day (2021 PPP) is the mean shortfall in income or consumption from the poverty line $3.00 a day (counting the nonpoor as having zero shortfall), expressed as a percentage of the poverty line. This measure reflects the depth of poverty as well as its incidence.
Poverty headcount ratio at $8.30 a day is the percentage of the population living on less than $8.30 a day at 2021 international prices.
Poverty headcount ratio at $4.20 a day is the percentage of the population living on less than $4.20 a day at 2021 international prices.
Poverty gap at $4.20 a day (2021 PPP) is the mean shortfall in income or consumption from the poverty line $4.20 a day (counting the nonpoor as having zero shortfall), expressed as a percentage of the poverty line. This measure reflects the depth of poverty as well as its incidence.
The percentage of people in the population who live in households whose per capita income or consumption is below half of the median income or consumption per capita. The median is measured at 2021 Purchasing Power Parity (PPP) using the Poverty and Inequality Platform (http://www.pip.worldbank.org). For some countries, medians are not reported due to grouped and/or confidential data. The reference year is the year in which the underlying household survey data was collected. In cases for which the data collection period bridged two calendar years, the first year in which data were collected is reported.
Percentage share of income or consumption is the share that accrues to subgroups of population indicated by deciles or quintiles.
Percentage share of income or consumption is the share that accrues to subgroups of population indicated by deciles or quintiles. Percentage shares by quintile may not sum to 100 because of rounding.
Percentage share of income or consumption is the share that accrues to subgroups of population indicated by deciles or quintiles. Percentage shares by quintile may not sum to 100 because of rounding.
Percentage share of income or consumption is the share that accrues to subgroups of population indicated by deciles or quintiles. Percentage shares by quintile may not sum to 100 because of rounding.
Percentage share of income or consumption is the share that accrues to subgroups of population indicated by deciles or quintiles. Percentage shares by quintile may not sum to 100 because of rounding.
Percentage share of income or consumption is the share that accrues to subgroups of population indicated by deciles or quintiles.
Gini index measures the extent to which the distribution of income (or, in some cases, consumption expenditure) among individuals or households within an economy deviates from a perfectly equal distribution. A Lorenz curve plots the cumulative percentages of total income received against the cumulative number of recipients, starting with the poorest individual or household. The Gini index measures the area between the Lorenz curve and a hypothetical line of absolute equality, expressed as a percentage of the maximum area under the line. Thus a Gini index of 0 represents perfect equality, while an index of 100 implies perfect inequality.
Unemployment refers to the share of the labor force that is without work but available for and seeking employment.
Gender parity index for gross enrollment ratio in tertiary education is the ratio of women to men enrolled at tertiary level in public and private schools.
The labor force participation rate is the labor force as a percent of the population ages 15 and older. The labor force is the sum of all persons of working age who are employed and those who are unemployed.
Women in parliaments are the percentage of parliamentary seats in a single or lower chamber held by women.
Labor force participation rate is the proportion of the population ages 15 and older that is economically active: all people who supply labor for the production of goods and services during a specified period.
Labor force participation rate for ages 15-24 is the proportion of the population ages 15-24 that is economically active: all people who supply labor for the production of goods and services during a specified period.
Labor force participation rate is the proportion of the population ages 15-64 that is economically active: all people who supply labor for the production of goods and services during a specified period.
Unemployment refers to the share of the labor force that is without work but available for and seeking employment.
Labor force participation rate for ages 15-24 is the proportion of the population ages 15-24 that is economically active: all people who supply labor for the production of goods and services during a specified period.
Labor force participation rate for ages 15-24 is the proportion of the population ages 15-24 that is economically active: all people who supply labor for the production of goods and services during a specified period.
Labor force participation rate is the proportion of the population ages 15-64 that is economically active: all people who supply labor for the production of goods and services during a specified period.
Labor force participation rate is the proportion of the population ages 15-64 that is economically active: all people who supply labor for the production of goods and services during a specified period.
Adolescent fertility rate is the number of births per 1,000 women ages 15-19.
Vulnerable employment is contributing family workers and own-account workers as a percentage of total employment.
Life expectancy at birth indicates the number of years a newborn infant would live if prevailing patterns of mortality at the time of its birth were to stay the same throughout its life.
Vulnerable employment is contributing family workers and own-account workers as a percentage of total employment.
Life expectancy at birth indicates the number of years a newborn infant would live if prevailing patterns of mortality at the time of its birth were to stay the same throughout its life.
Gender parity index for youth literacy rate is the ratio of females to males ages 15-24 who can both read and write with understanding a short simple statement about their everyday life.
Gender parity index for gross enrollment ratio in primary and secondary education is the ratio of girls to boys enrolled at primary and secondary levels in public and private schools.
Gender parity index for gross enrollment ratio in secondary education is the ratio of girls to boys enrolled at secondary level in public and private schools.
Gender parity index for gross enrollment ratio in primary education is the ratio of girls to boys enrolled at primary level in public and private schools.
An intentional homicide is defined as an unlawful death inflicted upon a person with the intent to cause death or serious injury.
Employment to population ratio is the proportion of a country's population that is employed.
Youth unemployment refers to the share of the labor force ages 15-24 without work but available for and seeking employment.
The labor force participation rate is the labor force as a percent of the population ages 15 and older. The labor force is the sum of all persons of working age who are employed and those who are unemployed.
Labor force comprises people ages 15 and older who supply labor for the production of goods and services during a specified period. It includes people who are currently employed and people who are unemployed but seeking work as well as first-time job-seekers. Not everyone who works is included, however. Unpaid workers, family workers, and students are often omitted, and some countries do not count members of the armed forces. Labor force size tends to vary during the year as seasonal workers enter and leave.
Youth unemployment refers to the share of the labor force ages 15-24 without work but available for and seeking employment.
Youth unemployment refers to the share of the labor force ages 15-24 without work but available for and seeking employment.
Employment to population ratio is the proportion of a country's population that is employed.
Labor force participation rate is the proportion of the population ages 15 and older that is economically active: all people who supply labor for the production of goods and services during a specified period.
Labor force participation rate is the proportion of the population ages 15 and older that is economically active: all people who supply labor for the production of goods and services during a specified period.
GDP per person employed is gross domestic product (GDP) divided by total employment in the economy. Purchasing power parity (PPP) GDP is GDP converted to 2021 constant international dollars using PPP rates. An international dollar has the same purchasing power over GDP that a U.S. dollar has in the United States.
The share of youth not in education, employment or training (also known as “the NEET rate”) conveys the number of young persons not in education, employment or training as a percentage of the total youth population. Youth not in education are those who were neither enrolled in school nor in a formal training program (e.g. vocational training). For the purposes of this indicator, youth is defined as all persons between the ages of 15 and 24 (inclusive).
Unemployment refers to the share of the labor force that is without work but available for and seeking employment.
Female labor force as a percentage of the total show the extent to which women are active in the labor force. Labor force comprises people ages 15 and older who supply labor for the production of goods and services during a specified period.
Labor force participation rate is the proportion of the population ages 15 and older that is economically active: all people who supply labor for the production of goods and services during a specified period.
The share of youth not in education, employment or training (also known as “the NEET rate”) conveys the number of young persons not in education, employment or training as a percentage of the total youth population. Youth not in education are those who were neither enrolled in school nor in a formal training program (e.g. vocational training). For the purposes of this indicator, youth is defined as all persons between the ages of 15 and 24 (inclusive).
Labor force participation rate is the proportion of the population ages 15-64 that is economically active: all people who supply labor for the production of goods and services during a specified period.
The share of youth not in education, employment or training (also known as “the NEET rate”) conveys the number of young persons not in education, employment or training as a percentage of the total youth population. Youth not in education are those who were neither enrolled in school nor in a formal training program (e.g. vocational training). For the purposes of this indicator, youth is defined as all persons between the ages of 15 and 24 (inclusive).
Employment to population ratio is the proportion of a country's population that is employed.
Employment to population ratio is the proportion of a country's population that is employed.
Employment to population ratio is the proportion of a country's population that is employed.
Employment to population ratio is the proportion of a country's population that is employed.
Unemployment refers to the share of the labor force that is without work but available for and seeking employment.
Labor force participation rate for ages 15-24 is the proportion of the population ages 15-24 that is economically active: all people who supply labor for the production of goods and services during a specified period.
Labor force participation rate for ages 15-24 is the proportion of the population ages 15-24 that is economically active: all people who supply labor for the production of goods and services during a specified period.
Labor force participation rate is the proportion of the population ages 15-64 that is economically active: all people who supply labor for the production of goods and services during a specified period.
Labor force participation rate is the proportion of the population ages 15-64 that is economically active: all people who supply labor for the production of goods and services during a specified period.
Labor force participation rate for ages 15-24 is the proportion of the population ages 15-24 that is economically active: all people who supply labor for the production of goods and services during a specified period.
Unemployment refers to the share of the labor force that is without work but available for and seeking employment.
Employment is defined as persons of working age who were engaged in any activity to produce goods or provide services for pay or profit, whether at work during the reference period or not at work due to temporary absence from a job, or to working-time arrangement. The agriculture sector consists of activities in agriculture, hunting, forestry and fishing, in accordance with division 1 (ISIC 2) or categories A-B (ISIC 3) or category A (ISIC 4).
Employers are those workers who, working on their own account or with one or a few partners, hold the type of jobs defined as a "self-employment jobs" i.e. jobs where the remuneration is directly dependent upon the profits derived from the goods and services produced), and, in this capacity, have engaged, on a continuous basis, one or more persons to work for them as employee(s).
Vulnerable employment is contributing family workers and own-account workers as a percentage of total employment.
Self-employed workers are those workers who, working on their own account or with one or a few partners or in cooperative, hold the type of jobs defined as a "self-employment jobs." i.e. jobs where the remuneration is directly dependent upon the profits derived from the goods and services produced. Self-employed workers include sub-categories of employers, own-account workers and members of producers' cooperatives and contributing family workers.
Employment is defined as persons of working age who were engaged in any activity to produce goods or provide services for pay or profit, whether at work during the reference period or not at work due to temporary absence from a job, or to working-time arrangement. The services sector consists of wholesale and retail trade and restaurants and hotels; transport, storage, and communications; financing, insurance, real estate, and business services; and community, social, and personal services, in accordance with divisions 6-9 (ISIC 2) or categories G-Q (ISIC 3) or categories G-U (ISIC 4).
Employers are those workers who, working on their own account or with one or a few partners, hold the type of jobs defined as a "self-employment jobs" i.e. jobs where the remuneration is directly dependent upon the profits derived from the goods and services produced), and, in this capacity, have engaged, on a continuous basis, one or more persons to work for them as employee(s).
Employment is defined as persons of working age who were engaged in any activity to produce goods or provide services for pay or profit, whether at work during the reference period or not at work due to temporary absence from a job, or to working-time arrangement. The agriculture sector consists of activities in agriculture, hunting, forestry and fishing, in accordance with division 1 (ISIC 2) or categories A-B (ISIC 3) or category A (ISIC 4).
Self-employed workers are those workers who, working on their own account or with one or a few partners or in cooperative, hold the type of jobs defined as a "self-employment jobs." i.e. jobs where the remuneration is directly dependent upon the profits derived from the goods and services produced. Self-employed workers include sub-categories of employers, own-account workers and members of producers' cooperatives and contributing family workers.
Employment is defined as persons of working age who were engaged in any activity to produce goods or provide services for pay or profit, whether at work during the reference period or not at work due to temporary absence from a job, or to working-time arrangement. The services sector consists of wholesale and retail trade and restaurants and hotels; transport, storage, and communications; financing, insurance, real estate, and business services; and community, social, and personal services, in accordance with divisions 6-9 (ISIC 2) or categories G-Q (ISIC 3) or categories G-U (ISIC 4).
Wage and salaried workers (employees) are those workers who hold the type of jobs defined as "paid employment jobs," where the incumbents hold explicit (written or oral) or implicit employment contracts that give them a basic remuneration that is not directly dependent upon the revenue of the unit for which they work.
Wage and salaried workers (employees) are those workers who hold the type of jobs defined as "paid employment jobs," where the incumbents hold explicit (written or oral) or implicit employment contracts that give them a basic remuneration that is not directly dependent upon the revenue of the unit for which they work.
Employment is defined as persons of working age who were engaged in any activity to produce goods or provide services for pay or profit, whether at work during the reference period or not at work due to temporary absence from a job, or to working-time arrangement. The industry sector consists of mining and quarrying, manufacturing, construction, and public utilities (electricity, gas, and water), in accordance with divisions 2-5 (ISIC 2) or categories C-F (ISIC 3) or categories B-F (ISIC 4).
Wage and salaried workers (employees) are those workers who hold the type of jobs defined as "paid employment jobs," where the incumbents hold explicit (written or oral) or implicit employment contracts that give them a basic remuneration that is not directly dependent upon the revenue of the unit for which they work.
Employment is defined as persons of working age who were engaged in any activity to produce goods or provide services for pay or profit, whether at work during the reference period or not at work due to temporary absence from a job, or to working-time arrangement. The industry sector consists of mining and quarrying, manufacturing, construction, and public utilities (electricity, gas, and water), in accordance with divisions 2-5 (ISIC 2) or categories C-F (ISIC 3) or categories B-F (ISIC 4).
Self-employed workers are those workers who, working on their own account or with one or a few partners or in cooperative, hold the type of jobs defined as a "self-employment jobs." i.e. jobs where the remuneration is directly dependent upon the profits derived from the goods and services produced. Self-employed workers include sub-categories of employers, own-account workers and members of producers' cooperatives and contributing family workers.
Employment is defined as persons of working age who were engaged in any activity to produce goods or provide services for pay or profit, whether at work during the reference period or not at work due to temporary absence from a job, or to working-time arrangement. The industry sector consists of mining and quarrying, manufacturing, construction, and public utilities (electricity, gas, and water), in accordance with divisions 2-5 (ISIC 2) or categories C-F (ISIC 3) or categories B-F (ISIC 4).
Contributing family workers are those workers who hold "self-employment jobs" as own-account workers in a market-oriented establishment operated by a related person living in the same household.
Employment is defined as persons of working age who were engaged in any activity to produce goods or provide services for pay or profit, whether at work during the reference period or not at work due to temporary absence from a job, or to working-time arrangement. The agriculture sector consists of activities in agriculture, hunting, forestry and fishing, in accordance with division 1 (ISIC 2) or categories A-B (ISIC 3) or category A (ISIC 4).
Employment is defined as persons of working age who were engaged in any activity to produce goods or provide services for pay or profit, whether at work during the reference period or not at work due to temporary absence from a job, or to working-time arrangement. The services sector consists of wholesale and retail trade and restaurants and hotels; transport, storage, and communications; financing, insurance, real estate, and business services; and community, social, and personal services, in accordance with divisions 6-9 (ISIC 2) or categories G-Q (ISIC 3) or categories G-U (ISIC 4).
Contributing family workers are those workers who hold "self-employment jobs" as own-account workers in a market-oriented establishment operated by a related person living in the same household.
Contributing family workers are those workers who hold "self-employment jobs" as own-account workers in a market-oriented establishment operated by a related person living in the same household.
Vulnerable employment is contributing family workers and own-account workers as a percentage of total employment.
Vulnerable employment is contributing family workers and own-account workers as a percentage of total employment.
Employers are those workers who, working on their own account or with one or a few partners, hold the type of jobs defined as a "self-employment jobs" i.e. jobs where the remuneration is directly dependent upon the profits derived from the goods and services produced), and, in this capacity, have engaged, on a continuous basis, one or more persons to work for them as employee(s).
Unemployment refers to the share of the labor force that is without work but available for and seeking employment. Definitions of labor force and unemployment differ by country.
Unemployment refers to the share of the labor force that is without work but available for and seeking employment. Definitions of labor force and unemployment differ by country.
Unemployment refers to the share of the labor force that is without work but available for and seeking employment. Definitions of labor force and unemployment differ by country.
Employment to population ratio is the proportion of a country's population that is employed.
Labor force participation rate is the proportion of the population ages 15 and older that is economically active: all people who supply labor for the production of goods and services during a specified period.
UN SDG Indicator 4.2.2
UN SDG Indicator 3.a.1
UN SDG Indicator 8.1.1
UN SDG Indicator 3.1.1
UN SDG Indicator 7.2.1
UN SDG Indicator 3.4.1
UN SDG Indicator 16.b.1
UN SDG Indicator 13.1.1
UN SDG Indicator 16.1.4
UN SDG Indicator 16.1.1
UN SDG Indicator 16.3.2
Frequently Asked Questions
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