Syria Business Environment

Total trade in services includes services provided by residents to non-residents plus services provided by non-residents to residents. This indicator is expressed as a percentage of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) which is the total income earned through the production of goods and services in an economic territory during an accounting period.

Insurance and financial services cover various types of insurance provided to nonresidents by resident insurance enterprises and vice versa, and financial intermediary and auxiliary services (except those of insurance enterprises and pension funds) exchanged between residents and nonresidents. This indicator is expressed as a percentage of service imports which are services provided by non-residents to residents.

Insurance and financial services cover various types of insurance provided to nonresidents by resident insurance enterprises and vice versa, and financial intermediary and auxiliary services (except those of insurance enterprises and pension funds) exchanged between residents and nonresidents. This indicator is expressed as a percentage of service exports which are services provided by residents to non-residents.

Domestic credit to private sector by banks refers to financial resources provided to the private sector by other depository corporations (deposit taking corporations except central banks), such as through loans, purchases of nonequity securities, and trade credits and other accounts receivable, that establish a claim for repayment. For some countries these claims include credit to public enterprises. This indicator is expressed as a percentage of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) which is the total income earned through the production of goods and services in an economic territory during an accounting period.

Domestic credit to private sector refers to financial resources provided to the private sector by financial corporations, such as through loans, purchases of nonequity securities, and trade credits and other accounts receivable, that establish a claim for repayment. For some countries these claims include credit to public enterprises. The financial corporations include monetary authorities and deposit money banks, as well as other financial corporations where data are available (including corporations that do not accept transferable deposits but do incur such liabilities as time and savings deposits). Examples of other financial corporations are finance and leasing companies, money lenders, insurance corporations, pension funds, and foreign exchange companies. This indicator is expressed as a percentage of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) which is the total income earned through the production of goods and services in an economic territory during an accounting period.

Average number of days to clear direct exports through customs.

The average time, in days, that it takes for an establishment to be able to claim imported goods from customs, starting from their arrival at the point of entry (such as a port or airport).

Average wait, in days, experienced to obtain electrical connection from the day this establishment applied for it to the day it received the service.

Percentage of firms using bank loans to finance working capital.

Percentage of firms using banks to finance purchases of fixed assets.

The percent of firms experiencing at least one bribe payment request across 6 public transactions dealing with utilities access, permits, licenses, and taxes.

Percentage of firms competing against unregistered or informal firms.

Percentage of establishments that consider that firms with characteristics similar to theirs are making informal payments or giving gifts to public officials to "get things done” with regard to customs, taxes, licenses, regulations, services etc.

The average wait, in days, to obtain an operating license, from the day of the application to the day it was granted.

Percentage of firms with females as the top manager.

Percentage of firms with females among the owners.

Firms that do not report all sales for tax purposes are the percentage of firms that expressed that a typical firm reports less than 100 percent of sales for tax purposes; such firms are termed "informal firms."

Percentage of firms offering formal training programs for its permanent, full-time employees.

Average percentage of senior management’s time that is spent in a typical week dealing with requirements imposed by government regulations (eg. Taxes, customs, labor regulations, licensing and registration), including dealings with officials, completing forms, et cetera.

Percentage of firms expected to give gifts or informal payments during meetings with tax officials.