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Syria
Damascus, Still the Oldest City
Overview
An ancient cradle of civilization home to Damascus, one of the world's oldest continuously inhabited cities, devastated by civil war since 2011 but rich in cultural heritage.
Geographic Context
Region
Asia
Subregion
Western Asia
Land Area
185,180 km²
Capital
Damascus
Languages
Arabic
Currencies
Syrian pound (£)
At a Glance
15
Oyster Score
Composite index
Health
25
Freedom
14
Security
6
Life Expectancy
72.4 yrs
Median Age
22.2 yrs
Urbanization
58%
Cost Index
18
Housing Index
9
Healthcare Access
28/100
Climate
Average Temperature
17.6°C
Most Temperate Cities
1 Tartouss 21.4°C
2 Jablah 20.8°C
3 Al Mālikīyah 19.3°C
4 Al Ḩasakah 19.2°C
5 Al Qāmishlī 18.9°C
Cities
Ma‘lūlā Dar‘ā Ad Darbāsīyah Al Ḩasakah Al Mālikīyah Al Qāmishlī Amude Ath Thawrah Tall Abyaḑ ‘Afrīn ‘Ayn al ‘Arab Al Atārib
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Al Bāb As Safīrah Tallbīsah Tallkalakh Ad Dānā Masyaf District Afrin District Ar-Raqqah District Ḩārim Jisr ash Shughūr Al-Salamiyah District Kafranbel Ma‘arratmişrīn Al-Thawrah District Ar Raqqah Tartouss Kassab Satita Al Qunayţirah ‘Irbīn Al Kiswah Al Quţayfah An Nabk At Tall Az Zabadānī Dayr al ‘Aşāfīr Ad Duraykīsh Şaydnāyā Medaya I‘zāz Tādif Tall Rif‘at As-Suwayda As-Suwayda District Şalākhid Jablah Al Ḩarāk Al Muzayrīb Aş Şanamayn Ash Shaykh Miskīn Buşrá ash Shām Izra‘ Maarrat al-Nu'man District Manbij District Al Mayādīn Ālbū Kamāl Subaykhān As Salamīyah As Suqaylibīyah Hama District Ḩamāh Kafr Zaytā Mūrak Souran Tall Salḩab Ţayyibat al Imām Al Ghanţū Al Qaryatayn Al Quşayr Ar Rastan Hisya Azaz District Mukharram al Fawqānī Tadmur Damascus Mount Simeon District Aleppo Latakia Latakia District Manbij Douma Deir ez-Zor Izra District Al-Bab District Jableh District Al-Malikiyah District Maşyāf Al-Sanamayn District Idlib Nawá Tell Abyad District Safita District Al-Rastan District Jaramānā Dārayyā Al-Haffah District Tadmur District Qardaha District Shahba District Salkhad District Khān Shaykhūn Arīḩā Ḩarastā Bāniyās Yabrūd Jayrūd Sarāqib Hajīn Dayr Ḩāfir Ţafas Jāsim Şūrān Inkhil Nubl Salqīn Ḩalfāyā Qaţanā Kafr Takhārīm Binnish Kafr Lāhā Qārah Tasīl Shahbā Sarmīn Jarābulus Armanāz Taftanāz Tremseh Darkūsh Kaff al-Jaa Kafr Şaghīr Khanāşir Şlinfah Şadad Şalkhad Homs Harem District Jisr al-Shughur District Ghabāghib Al-Zabadani District
Economy & Finance
Society & Governance
International
Travel
Visas & Entry Requirements
Visa-Free 28 countries
Diplomatic Relations
Embassies & Alliances
Missions 33
Defence
Military & Security
Mil. Spending 4.06% GDP
Infrastructure
Energy & Transport
Internet Speed 15 Mbps
Environment
Emissions & Biodiversity
Disaster Risk 77/100
Alternatives
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Sources: World Bank | WHO | Freedom House | OECD · Last updated: 2025
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