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Mali
Empire Echoes in the Sahara
Overview
A Saharan and Sahelian West African nation, home to the legendary city of Timbuktu, ancient mud-brick mosques, and a rich tradition of music and storytelling.
Geographic Context
Region
Africa
Subregion
Western Africa
Land Area
1,240,192 km²
Capital
Bamako
Languages
French
Currencies
West African CFA franc (Fr)
At a Glance
30
Oyster Score
Composite index
Health
20
Freedom
51
Security
19
Life Expectancy
61.7 yrs
Median Age
15.5 yrs
Urbanization
47%
Cost Index
33
Housing Index
10
Healthcare Access
24/100
Climate
Average Temperature
28.1°C
Average AQI
35
Most Temperate Cities
1 Gao Cercle 29.7°C
2 Gao 29.6°C
3 Ansongo 29.4°C
4 Inékar 29.2°C
5 Kayes 29.1°C
Best Air Quality Cities
1 Cercle de Goundam 30 AQI
2 Ké-Macina 30 AQI
3 Cercle de Bourem 30 AQI
4 Cercle de San 30 AQI
5 Ntossoni 30 AQI
Cities
Cercle d’Abeïbara Cercle de Goundam Ké-Macina Cercle de Bourem Cercle de San Ntossoni Bamako Koutiala Cercle Sikasso Douentza Cercle Gao Cercle Koutiala
Show 35 more cities
Economy & Finance
Finances
Economic Indicators
Cost Index 33
Cost of Living
Price Levels & Affordability
Housing Index 10
Investment
Credit Rating & Markets
Corp. Tax 30.00%
Taxation
Tax Rates & Compliance
Employment
Labor & Social Protection
Startup Score 3/100
Business Environment
Trade & Commerce
FDI Openness 13/100
Society & Governance
International
Travel
Visas & Entry Requirements
Visa-Free 51 countries
Diplomatic Relations
Embassies & Alliances
Missions 24
Defence
Military & Security
Mil. Spending 3.83% GDP
Infrastructure
Energy & Transport
Internet Speed 22 Mbps
Environment
Emissions & Biodiversity
Disaster Risk 72/100
Alternatives
Similar Jurisdictions
Jurisdiction Guide
Tips & Cultural Insights
Frequently Asked Questions
Sources: World Bank | WHO | Freedom House | OECD · Last updated: 2025
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