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Ethiopia flag Ethiopia

Coffee's Birthplace, Highlands of History

Overview

Africa's oldest independent nation, home to ancient rock-hewn churches of Lalibela, the origin of coffee, and a unique calendar and alphabet found nowhere else.

Geographic Context

Region
Africa
Subregion
Eastern Africa
Land Area
1,104,300 km²
Capital
Addis Ababa
Languages
Amharic
Currencies
Ethiopian birr (Br)

At a Glance

17
Oyster Score
Composite index
Health
16
Freedom
29
Security
6
Life Expectancy
67.8 yrs
Median Age
18.7 yrs
Urbanization
24%
Cost Index
36
Housing Index
11
Healthcare Access
19/100

Climate

Average Temperature
19.7°C
Average AQI
78

Most Temperate Cities

1 Administrative Zone 1 28.5°C
2 Gode Zone 28.4°C
3 Administrative Zone 3 28.3°C
4 Shinile Zone 27.3°C
5 Administrative Zone 2 26°C

Best Air Quality Cities

1 Kemisē 78 AQI
2 Debre Birhan 78 AQI
3 Debre Mark’os 78 AQI
4 Gēdo 78 AQI
5 Yem 78 AQI

Cities

Kemisē Debre Birhan Debre Mark’os Gēdo Yem Debark’ Dembī Dolo East Harerghe Zone East Shewa Zone Administrative Zone 2 Administrative Zone 3 Addiet Canna
Show 132 more cities
Ādīs Zemen Debre Werk’ Desē Shashemenē North Shewa Zone North Wollo Zone Robīt South Wollo Zone Werota Metekel Administrative Zone 1 Ādīs ‘Alem Āsbe Teferī Bedēsa East Wellega Zone Hāgere Hiywet Hagere Maryam Kibre Mengist Metahāra Nazrēt North Shewa Zone Sirre Wenjī West Harerghe Zone West Wellega Zone Ziway Hawassa Leku Sidama Zone Wendo Yirga ‘Alem Degehabur Zone Gode Zone Shinile Zone Alaba Special Wereda Felege Neway Guraghe Zone Hosa’ina K’olīto Kembata Alaba Tembaro Zone Lobuni Bench Maji Zone Tippi Inda Silasē Maych’ew Mek'ele Southeastern Tigray Zone Southern Tigray Zone Wolayita Zone Addis Ababa Arsi Zone Jimma Zone South Gondar Zone Guji Zone Illubabor Zone Hadiya Zone Gedeo Zone Afder Zone Liben zone Wag Hemra Zone Gondar Dire Dawa Bahir Dar Sodo Sheka Zone Jimma Jijiga Harar Debre Tabor Bishoftu Kombolcha Āreka Ādīgrat Arba Minch Axum Gambēla Bodītī Mīzan Teferī Mojo Dīla Finote Selam Sebeta Shakiso Dodola Āsasa Nejo Asaita Lalībela Waliso Āwash Yabēlo Dubti Korem Gelemso Butajīra Goba Gimbi Tulu Bolo Mendī Metu Dabat Kofelē Huruta Fichē Deder Āgaro Burē Bonga Genet Were Īlu Batī Jinka Asosa Bichena Gebre Guracha Bedelē Ginir Hīrna Bako Shambu Gīdolē Sendafa Dejen Gewanē Debre Sīna Gorē Mēga Hāgere Selam Konso Semera Turmi Abomsa

Society & Governance

Health
WHO Health Indicators
Median Age 18.7
Population
Demographics & Census
Urbanization 24%
Education
Enrollment & Literacy
Literacy 60%
Society
UN SDG Metrics
Cohesion 19/100
Civil Liberties
Press & Political Freedom
Press Freedom 27/100
Government
Governance & Rule of Law
CPI Score 37/100

International

Travel
Visas & Entry Requirements
Visa-Free 44 countries
Diplomatic Relations
Embassies & Alliances
Missions 33
Defence
Military & Security
Mil. Spending 0.79% GDP
Infrastructure
Energy & Transport
Internet Speed 21 Mbps
Environment
Emissions & Biodiversity
Disaster Risk 73/100
Alternatives
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Frequently Asked Questions

Sources: World Bank | WHO | Freedom House | OECD · Last updated: 2025

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